Frequently Asked Questions

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Divorce. Custody. Child Support.

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Frequently asked questions

Selecting the Right Attorney:

When it comes to choosing an attorney, several crucial considerations should guide your decision-making process. It is vital to assess an attorney's prior trial experience, their willingness to go to trial when necessary, and their ability to provide you with the assurance that your legal rights will be robustly protected. Some law firms promote themselves using certain lawyers, who may remain inaccessible to you if you retain their services. We understand the significance of open communication, and we believe that your attorney should be readily available to address your concerns, working collaboratively as a dedicated team to resolve your case.

Understanding No-Fault Divorce:

In the past, divorce required proving that your spouse was at fault for the breakdown of the marriage. This often necessitated demonstrating fault grounds such as adultery, spousal abuse, incarceration for a felony, or insanity. Proving fault was a challenging and resource-intensive process. However, all states have now adopted no-fault divorce laws, allowing couples to divorce simply because one or both parties no longer wish to be married, eliminating the need to assign blame.

Exploring Uncontested Divorce:

An uncontested divorce is one in which there is no opposition to the requests made in the complaint or petition, or where both parties reach a mutual agreement on the divorce terms, including property and debt division, alimony, child custody, and support. Such cases, marked by complete consensus and cooperation, are often referred to as consent divorces.

Navigating Divorce Procedures:

The divorce process commences with the filing of a Complaint or Petition, the terminology of which varies depending on your state of residence. A copy of the Complaint is typically served on your spouse, usually by the sheriff's office or a process server. While this may not be necessary in cases of mutual agreement, the response of your spouse will determine the subsequent course of action. Possible scenarios include reaching an agreement, your spouse initiating legal action, or a non-response. The process may involve the submission of various documents, primarily financial declarations, potentially leading to complex proceedings and formal court hearings.

Understanding the Costs of Divorce:

Divorce expenses encompass both fixed and variable costs. Fixed costs encompass court filing fees and expenses related to the service of legal documents to your spouse. These costs vary from state to state. Variable costs include fees associated with document preparation and legal representation by an attorney. Attorney fees can vary significantly based on case complexity and the extent to which issues are contested. Additional expenses may arise if the court orders mediation for disputed matters or if the involvement of a financial analyst becomes necessary due to intricate property concerns.

Estimating the Duration of Divorce:

The duration of a divorce case varies depending on several factors, including the ability to locate your spouse. Efforts to find your spouse may include comprehensive searches, such as checking local directories, consulting friends and family, reviewing postal records, examining property records, verifying employment details, and searching state records for driver's licenses or vehicle registrations. If your spouse cannot be located, a process called service by publication may be required, allowing the divorce to proceed. However, full property division, alimony, or child support may not be granted until your spouse is personally served with court documents.

Court Appearance:

Even in uncontested or simplified divorce cases, some form of hearing is typically required before a judge. This hearing may take place in the judge's chambers or a courtroom. You and your spouse may be required to attend, and a witness may be needed to confirm residency requirements. In cases with a signed settlement agreement, the hearing typically lasts less than 30 minutes and serves primarily to ensure the proper documentation, notifications, and residency requirements are met.

Your Involvement in Settlement Decisions:

At Besserman Law, your active participation is valued, and we will never settle your case without your consent. While recommendations may be offered, the ultimate decision-making authority always rests with you, ensuring that your preferences and interests remain paramount throughout the legal process.
FAMILY LAW • DIVORCE • CUSTODY • SUPPORT

Family Law FAQs — Organized by State

These frequently asked questions cover common divorce and family law issues in Missouri and Illinois. Each question is clearly labeled by state so updates remain easy to track over time. This page is general educational information and not legal advice.

Laws and outcomes vary. Talk with an attorney to understand options for your specific facts and jurisdiction.

Divorce Basics

Filing, no-fault rules, timing, and separation requirements—labeled by state.

MISSOURI How do I file for divorce in Missouri?
To file for divorce in Missouri, at least one spouse must have lived in Missouri for 90 days before filing. Divorce cases are filed in the circuit court of the county where either spouse resides.
MISSOURI Is Missouri a no-fault divorce state?
Yes. Missouri is a no-fault state. You do not have to prove adultery, abuse, or wrongdoing—only that the marriage is “irretrievably broken.”
MISSOURI How long does a divorce take in Missouri?
Missouri has a minimum 30-day waiting period, but most divorces take 3–12 months, depending on custody disputes, property issues, and court schedules.
MISSOURI Do I need my spouse’s permission to get divorced?
No. One spouse can file for divorce even if the other objects.
ILLINOIS How do I file for divorce in Illinois?
One spouse must have lived in Illinois for at least 90 days before filing. Cases are filed in the circuit court of the appropriate county.
ILLINOIS Is Illinois a no-fault divorce state?
Yes. Illinois only allows no-fault divorce based on irreconcilable differences.
ILLINOIS How long does a divorce take in Illinois?
Uncontested divorces can be finalized in as little as a few months, while contested cases often take 9–18 months.
ILLINOIS Do we have to be separated before divorcing?
Illinois law presumes irreconcilable differences if spouses have lived apart for 6 months, but the court's no longer require an affidavit of living separately for any length of time.

Property & Finances

Equitable distribution, the house, retirement accounts, and maintenance/alimony.

MISSOURI Is Missouri a community property state?
No. Missouri follows equitable distribution, meaning marital property is divided fairly—not necessarily 50/50.
MISSOURI What counts as marital property in Missouri?
Generally, assets acquired during the marriage—including income, retirement accounts, and real estate—are marital property, regardless of whose name is on them.
MISSOURI Who gets the house in a Missouri divorce?
There’s no automatic rule. Courts consider factors like financial contributions, custody arrangements, and each spouse’s ability to maintain the home.
MISSOURI Will I have to pay spousal maintenance (alimony)?
Possibly. Missouri courts look at need, ability to pay, length of marriage, and earning capacity. Maintenance can be temporary or long-term.
ILLINOIS Is Illinois a community property state?
No. Illinois follows equitable distribution, not automatic 50/50 division.
ILLINOIS What is considered marital property in Illinois?
Most assets and debts acquired during the marriage, regardless of title.
ILLINOIS How are retirement accounts divided?
Often through a Qualified Domestic Relations Order (QDRO)—errors here can be extremely expensive.
ILLINOIS Will I receive or pay maintenance (alimony)?
Illinois uses statutory guidelines based on income, marriage length, and financial need, though courts may deviate.

Child Custody & Support

Best-interest standards, parenting time, and how support is calculated.

MISSOURI How is child custody decided in Missouri?
Custody decisions are based on the best interests of the child, considering stability, parental involvement, and the child’s needs.
MISSOURI Does Missouri favor mothers in custody cases?
No. Missouri law is gender-neutral. Courts often favor arrangements that allow frequent and meaningful contact with both parents.
MISSOURI What types of custody exist in Missouri?
  • Legal custody (decision-making)
  • Physical custody (where the child lives)
Both can be joint or sole.
MISSOURI How is child support calculated?
Missouri uses Form 14, which considers income, parenting time, healthcare costs, and childcare expenses.
ILLINOIS Does Illinois still use the term “custody”?
No. Illinois now uses allocation of parental responsibilities and parenting time.
ILLINOIS How does Illinois decide parenting time?
Based on the best interests of the child, including stability, cooperation, and each parent’s involvement.
ILLINOIS Can a child choose which parent to live with?
A child’s wishes may be considered, but no child decides custody outright.
ILLINOIS What happens if one parent violates the parenting schedule?
Courts can impose fines, modify parenting time, or hold the parent in contempt.
ILLINOIS How is child support calculated in Illinois?
Illinois may use an income shared model, considering both parents’ income and time with the child based on overnights.
ILLINOIS Does parenting time affect child support?
Yes. Overnights and shared parenting significantly impact calculations.
ILLINOIS Can child support be modified?
Yes, if there’s a substantial change in circumstances (job loss, income change, medical issues).

Special & High-Conflict Issues

Pregnancy, hidden assets, relocation, domestic violence, and enforcement.

MISSOURI Can I get divorced while pregnant in Missouri?
Yes, but courts may delay final custody decisions until after birth.
MISSOURI What if my spouse is hiding assets?
Courts can impose penalties, reopen judgments, and award additional property if concealment is proven.
MISSOURI Can I move out with my children during a divorce?
This can seriously impact custody. Always talk to an attorney before relocating.
MISSOURI Do I need a lawyer for an uncontested divorce?
Legally no—but mistakes can be costly and irreversible, especially with property and custody.
ILLINOIS What if there is domestic violence?
Illinois courts can issue Orders of Protection immediately and prioritize safety.
ILLINOIS Can I move out of state with my child after divorce?
Relocation may require court approval or parental agreement depending upon the mileage involved.
ILLINOIS What if my spouse won’t cooperate?
Courts can compel disclosure, enforce deadlines, and impose sanctions.
ILLINOIS Do I really need a lawyer if we “agree on everything”?
Many people think they agree—until tax consequences, retirement, or future enforcement becomes an issue.

Want answers specific to your situation?

Get guidance tailored to your facts, goals, and jurisdiction. We’ll help you understand options and next steps.

Facing family or divorce issues?

At Besserman Law, we understand that family and divorce matters can be challenging and emotionally draining. Our experienced team is here to provide you with compassionate, professional legal support every step of the way.
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Disclaimer: The information on this website is for general informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. No attorney-client relationship is formed by viewing this website. Legal outcomes depend on the facts of each case. Consult a licensed attorney for legal advice regarding your specific situation.
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